RALEIGH — We track local insect populations throughout the growing season using a system of traps, temperature-recording devices, and degree-day models. Traps and weather data are checked weekly, with results updated by Wednesday afternoon from April through September. Learn more about southeastern apple pests at the Apple Pest Management page.
Weekly summary
August 2, 2017
The primary insect of concern at this time, and probably for the remainder of the season, is brown marmorated stink bug. Except for high elevation orchards (>2500 ft), first generation adult emergence has begun. Adult emergence began in piedmont locations in mid July, and in Henderson County just this week. Numbers of bugs can be expected to continue to increase over the next month. Based on damage assessments last year, cultivars of greatest concern (in order of attractiveness) appear to be Granny Smith, Pink Lady, Golden Delicious, Rome Beauty and Red Delicious. Minimal damage has been observed on Ginger Gold and Gala, probably because their early harvest dates allow them to avoid the most intense pressure.
Second generation codling moth is nearly complete in all except high elevation orchards (>3000 ft), and third generation is usually very low in situations where damage from first or second generation is low. Oriental fruit moth pheromone trap captures were also very low in commercial orchards this week, and with pyrethroid sprays picking up for BMSB, this trend is expected to continue.
Captures of apple maggot remained extremely low this week, with only 2 flies captured in one of four sites.
The table below lists insecticides recommended for BMSB control and is reprinted from the July 12 Pest Update. Please note that all pyrethroids listed below will provide good control of late-season oriental fruit moth and apple maggot. However, pyrethroids are less effective against codling moth. So in situations where codling moth is a problem, either Altacor or Delegate should be tank-mixed with a pyrethroid, or the premix Voliam Xpress or Besiege should be used. These latter two products contain the active ingredient in Altacor (chlorantraniliprole) and Warrior (lambda-cyhalothrin).
Insecticides Recommended for First Generation Adult BMSB on Apples
Common name | Trade name | Rate/Acre | PHI |
Pyrethroids | |||
*bifenthrin | Brigade 2EC Brigade WSB Bifenture 2EC Bifenture DF | 9 fl oz 22.4 oz 9 fl oz 22.4 oz | 14 14 14 14 |
fenpropathin | Danitol 2.4EC | 16 fl oz | 14 |
lambda-cyhalothin | Warrior II various generics 1EC | 2.56 fl oz 5.21 fl oz | 21 21 |
gamma-cyhalothrin | Proaxis 0.5EC | 5.21 fl oz | 14 |
beta-cyfluthrin | Baythroid XL | 2.4 fl oz | 7 |
cyfluthrin | Tombstone 2EC | 2.4 fl oz | 7 |
Neonicotinoids | |||
chlothianidin | Belay 2.13F | 8 fl oz | 7 |
*dinotefuran | Venom 70SG Scorpion 35SL | 5.4 oz 9.5 fl oz | 3 3 |
thiamethoxam | Actara 25WDG | 4.5 oz | 35 |
Mixtures | |||
beta-cyfluthrin + imidacloprid | Leverage 360 | 2.8 fl oz | 7 |
lambda-cyhalothrin + chlorantraniliprole | Voliam Xpress ZC Beseige ZC | 6-10 oz 6-10 oz | 21 21 |
lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam | Endigo ZC | 5.0 fl oz | 35 |
*Bifenthrin and dinotefuran are both labeled under the Section 18 Emergency Exemption use. The bifenture Section 18 request is supported by FMC (Brigade) and UPI (Bifenture), while the dinotefuran request is supported by Valent (Venom) and Gowan (Scorpion). These specific section 18 labels must be on hand by growers when using these product for control of BMSB. |
Archived Pest Reports for 2017
2017 Average Weekly Trap Captures*
HENDERSON COUNTY | |||
Insects per trap | |||
Jul 18 | Jul 24 | Aug 1 | |
Codling Moth | 14.5 | 6.0 | 5.0 |
Oriental Fruit Moth | 18.5 | 19.5 | 22.5 |
Tufted Apple Bud Moth | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Redbanded Leafroller | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Obliquebanded Leafroller | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
Lesser Appleworm | 1.0 | 5.0 | 1.0 |
Apple Maggot | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – Henderson Co.) | 3.8 | 3.2 | 4.9 |
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (commercial – upper piedmont) | 10.2 | 9.2 | 5.3 |
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (research – unsprayed) | 18.7 | 18.8 | 18.8 |
Spotted Tentiform Leafminer | 18.0 | 8.0 | 0.0 |
Dogwood Borer | 32.0 | 6.0 | 68.0 |
Peachtree Borer | 56.5 | 34.0 | 27.5 |
Lesser Peachtree Borer | 3.0 | 13.0 | 25.5 |
San Jose Scale | 35.0 | 17.5 | 5.0 |
*Note that averages presented here are intended only to illustrate the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in population activity, and not as general indicators of population levels. Some orchards included in these averages have significantly higher or lower populations than most commercial orchards in the area, resulting in averages that are sometimes skewed from what is typical. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.
2017 Accumulated Degree Days
Henderson County | ||||
Biofix | Jul 18 | Jul 25 | Aug 1 | |
Codling Moth | Apr 10 | 1718 | 1901 | 2034 |
Oriental Fruit Moth | Mar 27 | 2345 | 2558 | 2722 |
Tufted Apple Bud Moth | Apr 13 | 2146 | 2358 | 2522 |
About degree-day models: The degree day (DD) models predict adult emergence and egg hatch of each generation. They do not predict the intensity of populations, which can be assessed by using pheromone traps. Hence, the models should be used to help gauge the time period when control is most likely needed, and pheromone traps provide information on the need for and frequency of insecticide applications. For full details, read “IPM Practices for Selected Pests” in the Orchard Management Guide. |
CODLING MOTH:
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ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH:
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TUFTED APPLE BUD MOTH:
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2017 Pest Trends (click to enlarge)
— Dr. Jim Walgenbach
Extension Entomology Specialist (Fruits / Vegetables)
Entomology and Plant Pathology – NC State University
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