NEW ORLEANS — From weed, pest and disease management to herbicide and pesticide drift, Minnesota farmer Carolyn Olson shared her expertise in organic crops with farmers at the American Farm Bureau Federation’s 100th Annual Convention. Spurred by the possibility of doubling or tripling her crop value and the potential for growth in the market, Olson and her husband transitioned to organic corn, soybeans, small grains and alfalfa two decades ago.
Among the many challenges of organic farming, weed control is the biggest, according to Olson, who uses several different types of machinery, including rotary hoes, cultivators, flame weeders and finger weeders.
“You really need to pay attention to timing to stay ahead of the weeds. We go in with a long tooth harrow system as soon as we can after the seed is planted,” she said.
Pests and diseases are also significant problems for organic growers, who can use a very limited range of crop protection products. Olson said crop rotation greatly helps ward off pests and diseases. Seed selection is important, too. “Our focus is on growing healthy plants because healthy plants will better resist pests and diseases,” she said.
To prevent GMO commingling and cross pollination, the Olsons use 25-foot buffer strips. They also delay planting, so their plants aren’t pollinating at the same time as their neighbors’ plants. Clean equipment, including the trucks in which the harvested crops are hauled, is also key. “Having a good track record for clean loads builds trust with buyers and when you have a quality crop, they’ll come to you first,” Olson said.
Another major concern for organic farmers is herbicide and pesticide drift. Buffer strips, tree rows and roads can work as safeguards. In addition, the Olsons post “No Spraying” signs and have made the highway department and neighbors well aware of their organic crops.
Olson also touched on the issue of peer pressure. Organic farmers are seen as different and different is threatening to the status quo, she explained. Also, non-organic farmers don’t really know what organic farmers do and why they do it. Because of this, organic farmers can experience social media shaming and be the subject of gossip at the local coffeehouse. Olson combats this by being vocal and upbeat about organic farming. “We tell our story in a positive way. I firmly believe there’s room for everyone in agriculture,” she said.
— American Farm Bureau Federation
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